This 4-day itinerary is designed to help you explore the highlights of Cusco and the Sacred Valley. It includes visits to historical sites, cultural experiences, and natural attractions. The guide provides practical information to ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip.

Day 1: Exploring Cusco

Morning: Historic Center

  • Plaza de Armas: Visit the main square, surrounded by colonial buildings, churches, and restaurants.
  • Cusco Cathedral: Explore this historic cathedral, known for its colonial art and architecture.

Afternoon: Inca Ruins

  • Sacsayhuamán: An impressive Inca fortress located on a hill overlooking Cusco. The massive stone walls and panoramic views are worth the visit.
  • Qorikancha: Once the richest temple in the Inca Empire, it now features a combination of Inca and Spanish colonial architecture.

Evening: Local Cuisine

  • Dinner: Try traditional dishes like Lomo Saltado or Cuy al Horno at a local restaurant.

Day 2: Sacred Valley – Pisac and Ollantaytambo

Morning: Pisac

  • Pisac Ruins: Explore the Inca ruins, including agricultural terraces, temples, and a fortress. The site offers panoramic views of the valley.
  • Pisac Market: Visit the vibrant market to shop for handicrafts, textiles, and souvenirs.

Afternoon: Ollantaytambo

  • Ollantaytambo Ruins: Visit the well-preserved Inca town with terraces, temples, and a fortress. It’s also a starting point for the Inca Trail.

Evening: Overnight in Ollantaytambo

  • Accommodation: Stay in a local hotel or guesthouse to experience the town’s charm.

Day 3: Sacred Valley – Moray and Maras

Morning: Moray

  • Moray Ruins: Explore the circular agricultural terraces believed to have been used by the Incas for crop experiments.

Afternoon: Salineras de Maras

  • Salt Pans: Visit the thousands of salt pans used since Inca times to harvest salt. The site provides unique photo opportunities.

Evening: Return to Cusco

  • Dinner: Enjoy a meal at a local restaurant in Cusco, trying dishes like Rocoto Relleno or Quinoa Soup.

Day 4: Machu Picchu Day Trip

Early Morning: Travel to Machu Picchu

  • Train: Take an early train from Ollantaytambo or Poroy to Aguas Calientes, the town at the base of Machu Picchu.
  • Bus: From Aguas Calientes, take a bus up to Machu Picchu.

Morning and Afternoon: Machu Picchu

  • Guided Tour: Explore the iconic Inca citadel with a guide to learn about its history and significance.
  • Free Exploration: Spend time exploring the site on your own, taking in the stunning views and ancient architecture.

Evening: Return to Cusco

  • Train and Bus: Return to Cusco by train and bus. Arrive in Cusco in the late evening.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Dry Season (April to October)

The dry season is the best time to visit, with sunny days and minimal rainfall. Daytime temperatures range from 50°F to 68°F (10°C to 20°C), while nights are colder, dropping to 32°F to 41°F (0°C to 5°C). This is ideal for outdoor activities and exploring ruins.

Rainy Season (November to March)

The rainy season brings warmer days, with temperatures between 55°F and 70°F (13°C to 21°C), but frequent rain showers. Nights are milder, ranging from 41°F to 50°F (5°C to 10°C). Trails can be muddy, so plan accordingly.

Tips for Visiting

Planning Your Itinerary

  • Book in Advance: Popular sites like Machu Picchu and the Inca Trail require permits and tickets, which can sell out quickly.
  • Start Early: Many sites open early in the morning, allowing you to avoid crowds and enjoy cooler temperatures.
  • Use Local Guides: Hiring a guide can provide deeper insights into the history and significance of the sites.

Transportation

  • Trains: Book train tickets to Machu Picchu in advance, especially during peak season.
  • Taxis: Use registered taxis for travel within Cusco and the Sacred Valley.
  • Buses: Public buses are affordable but can be crowded and slow.

How to Dress

For City Exploration

  • Daytime: Light layers like long-sleeve shirts and pants. Comfortable walking shoes are essential due to cobblestone streets.
  • Nighttime: Warm layers, including a fleece or down jacket, as temperatures drop significantly.

For Archaeological Sites

  • Dry Season: Sun protection like hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Sturdy hiking shoes for uneven terrain.
  • Rainy Season: Waterproof jacket, moisture-wicking base layers, and quick-dry pants. Waterproof hiking boots with good traction.

Restrictions and Considerations

Altitude Sickness

Cusco sits at 11,152 feet (3,399 meters) above sea level. Altitude sickness can affect visitors, causing headaches, nausea, and fatigue. Spend at least two days acclimatizing before engaging in strenuous activities.

Site Regulations

  • Machu Picchu: Visitors must follow designated paths and cannot climb the ruins. Tickets are limited and must be booked in advance.
  • Churches and Museums: Dress modestly and avoid flash photography. Some sites may have restricted hours or require additional fees.

Physical Preparation

Acclimatization

Spend the first two days in Cusco resting and staying hydrated. Avoid alcohol and heavy meals. Gradually increase your activity level to help your body adjust to the altitude.

Fitness Level

Exploring Cusco and the Sacred Valley involves walking on uneven terrain and climbing stairs. Incorporate cardio and strength training into your routine before your trip to improve endurance.

Health Recommendations

Altitude Sickness Prevention

To prevent altitude sickness, ascend slowly, stay hydrated, and avoid overexertion. Consult your doctor about medications like acetazolamide if you’re prone to altitude-related issues.

Food and Water Safety

Drink only bottled or purified water. Avoid raw fruits and vegetables unless they can be peeled. Stick to cooked meals to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses.

This 4-day itinerary covers the highlights of Cusco and the Sacred Valley, providing a mix of historical, cultural, and natural experiences. By following these recommendations and tips, you can enjoy a safe and memorable trip to one of Peru’s most iconic regions.